Decreased or blocked blood flow to the brain.Other causes of confusion or decreased alertness can include: Drug intoxication or the effects of withdrawal.Misusing a medicine or alcohol use disorder.This is a problem that often affects older adults, who may take many medicines at the same time. Overuse of medicines may be the single biggest cause of memory loss or confusion in older adults. Taking too much of a medicine (overmedicating) or taking medicines that may interact with each other.These include hypothyroidism, myxedema coma, and hyperthyroidism.Īlcohol and many prescription and non-prescription medicines can cause confusion or decreased alertness. Mental health problems, such as depression or schizophrenia.One example is alcohol use disorder ( Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome). Malnutrition and vitamin deficiencies caused by health problems.They cause high levels of toxins to build up in the blood. Examples are heart failure, coronary artery disease, and irregular heartbeats (arrhythmias). Cardiac problems that reduce blood flow.They cause a decrease in the amount of oxygen or an increase in the amount of carbon dioxide in the blood. Examples are urinary tract infections, respiratory infections, and sepsis. Health problems that can cause it include: It depends on what caused it.Ĭonfusion or decreased alertness may be the first symptom of a serious illness. Amnesia may be either short-term or permanent. It can also be caused by a severe emotional event, such as from combat or a car crash. Amnesia is memory loss that may be caused by a head injury, a stroke, or substance use.It can also be caused by an infection or other health problem that starts or gets worse. One cause is withdrawal from alcohol or drugs or medicines. It can cause confusion, changes in the sleep-wake cycles, and unusual behaviour.
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